Source
Japanese Veterinary Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System (JVARM)
Monitoring of antimicrobial resistance on 13 agents was carried out between 2011 and 2015. Among Enterococcus spp. in 2015, resistant strains accounted for between 2.3% (5 out of 220 cattle-derived strains) and 61.0% (89 out of 146 broiler-derived strains) of Enterococcus faecalis, and for between 7.5% (11 out of 146 broiler-derived strains) and 11.4% (25 out of 220 cattle-derived strains and 13 out of 114 layer-derived strains) of Enterococcus faecium. Resistance to enrofloxacin (ERFX), which is a critically important antimicrobial for human medicine, ranged between 6.8% and 20.2% among Enterococcus spp., but whereas the figures for Enterococcus faecalis ranged between 0.0% and 6.3%, those for Enterococcus faecium varied from 28.0% to as high as 92.3%.
-: No data for cattle was listed in 2013, because the number of strains was less than five.
* While BC, SNM and VGM were also included in the scope of survey, the proportion of BC-, SNM- and VM-resistant strains was not listed because BP could not be established. † BP follows CLSI Criteria.
§ The BP for TS was set at 8 μg/mL in 2010 and 2011, but was changed to 64 g/mL in 2012. The resistance proportion in the table was calculated using cut-off of 64 μg/mL.
"Source: Nippon AMR One Health Report (NAOR) 2018"