Source
Japan Nosocomial Infections Surveillance (JANIS)
https://janis.mhlw.go.jp/english/index.asp
IQVIA Solutions Japan K.K.
https://www.iqvia.com/ja-jp/locations/japan/about-iqvia-japan
The data were obtained from two different sources: Japan Nosocomial Infections Surveillance (JANIS) and IMS Japan Pharmaceutical Market database. Please note that targets of the surveys are different.
-: Not under surveillance.
CLSI (2007) (M100-S17) Criteria was applied to determine the BP up to 2013. CLSI (2012)(M100-S22) Criteria was applied to determine BP after 2014.
As a unit of consumption, defined daily doses (DDDs) per 1,000 inhabitants per day (DID) is used.
Figures shown here for antimicrobial use in 2013 differ from those shown in last year’s report, because of differences in the DDD values defined by the World Health Organization at the time of calculation. Figures do not include antifungal agents.
"Source: Nippon AMR One Health Report (NAOR) 2018"